Submerged arc furnace is also called electric arc furnace or resistance electric furnace.
It is mainly used to reduce raw materials such as smelting ores, carbonaceous reducing agents and solvents. It mainly produces ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, tungsten, silicomanganese and other ferroalloys, which are important industrial raw materials in the metallurgical industry and calcium carbide and other chemical raw materials.
Its working characteristic is to use carbonaceous or magnesia refractory materials as furnace lining and self-cultivation electrodes. The electrode is inserted into the furnace charge for submerged arc operation. It uses the energy and current of the electric arc to pass through the charge. Energy is generated by the charge resistance to smelt the metal. It is an industrial electric furnace with continuous feeding and intermittent tapping of iron slag.
Submerged arc furnace is a kind of industrial electric furnace that consumes huge power. Mainly consists of furnace shell, furnace cover, furnace lining, short net, water cooling system, smoke exhaust system, dust removal system, electrode shell, electrode pressure release and lifting system, loading and unloading system, controller, burning through device, hydraulic system, submerged arc furnace Transformers and various electrical equipment, etc.
According to the structural characteristics and working characteristics of the submerged arc furnace, 70% of the system reactance of the submerged arc furnace is generated by the short network system, and the short network is a high-current working system, the maximum current can reach tens of thousands of amperes, so the short network The performance of the submerged arc furnace determines the performance of the submerged arc furnace. For this reason, the natural power factor of the submerged arc furnace is difficult to reach above 0.85. The natural power factor of most furnaces is between 0.7 and 0.8, which is relatively low. The power factor not only reduces the efficiency of the transformer, consumes a lot of useless work, and is charged with additional power fines by the power department. At the same time, due to the manual control of the electrodes and the stacking process, the power imbalance between the three phases increases, and the maximum imbalance is The power can reach more than 20%, which leads to low smelting efficiency and higher electricity bills. Therefore, increasing the power factor of the short network and reducing the imbalance of the grid have become effective means to reduce energy consumption and improve smelting efficiency. If appropriate measures are taken to improve the short-network power factor, the following effects can be achieved:
(1) Reduce power consumption by 5-20%
(2) Increase output by 5%-10%.
This will bring good economic benefits to the enterprise, and the investment in transformation costs will be recovered in the short-term and in the short-term.
The loss of the submerged arc furnace system is shown in the figure below. The loss of the short network accounts for more than 70% of the loss of the system itself. The short network is a system that works with high current. The maximum current can reach tens of thousands of amperes. Therefore, the performance of the short network is very good. To a large extent determines the performance of submerged arc furnace
If appropriate measures are taken to increase the power factor of the short network and improve the electrode imbalance, the following effects will be achieved:
A. Reduce production power consumption Reduce production power consumption Reduce production power consumption Reduce production power consumption 3%～～～～6%;
B. Increasing product output, increasing product output, increasing product output, increasing product output by 5%～～～15%.