Ferrosilicon Smelting
Ferrosilicon is made by smelting coke, steel scraps, and quartz (or silica) in an electric furnace. In traditional ferrosilicon production, silicon is reduced from silica containing SIO2. Most ferrosilicon smelting uses metallurgical coke as a reducing agent, and steel scrap is a regulator of ferrosilicon.
The raw material and power consumption for producing one ton of ferrosilicon are:
Silica: 1780-1850kg
Coke: 890-930kg
Steel shavings: 220-230kg
Electrode paste: 45-55kg
Power consumption: 8400-9000kwh/t
Ferrosilicon applications
Ferrosilicon is widely used in steel industry, foundry industry and other industrial production.
Ferrosilicon is an essential deoxidizer in the steelmaking industry. In Torch Steel, ferrosilicon is used for precipitation deoxidation and diffusion deoxidation. Brick iron is also used as an alloying agent in steelmaking. Adding a certain amount of silicon to the steel can significantly increase the strength, hardness and elasticity of the steel, increase the magnetic permeability of the steel, and reduce the hysteresis loss of the transformer steel. Normal steel contains 0.15%-0.35% silicon, structural steel contains 0.40%~1.75% silicon, tool steel contains 0.30%~1.80% silicon, spring steel contains 0.40%~2.80% silicon, and stainless acid-resistant steel contains silicon. Silicon is 3.40% to 4.00%, heat-resistant steel contains 1.00% to 3.00% silicon, and silicon steel contains 2% to 3% or more silicon.
High-silicon ferrosilicon or siliceous alloys are used as reducing agents in the production of low-carbon iron alloys in the ferroalloy industry. Ferrosilicon added to cast iron can be used as an inoculant for nodular cast iron, and can prevent the formation of carbides, promote the precipitation and spheroidization of graphite, and improve the properties of cast iron.
In addition, ferrosilicon powder can be used as a suspension phase in the beneficiation industry and used as a coating for welding rods in electrode manufacturing; high-silicon ferrosilicon can be used to prepare pure semiconductor silicon in the electrical industry, and can be used to make silicone in the chemical industry.
In the steelmaking industry, each ton of steel produced consumes approximately 3 to 5 kg of 75% ferrosilicon.
Melting point: 75FeSi is 1300°C
Ferrosilicon contains a small amount of phosphorus metal compounds, such as calcium phosphide, etc., when transported by vehicles or in warehouses, if it gets wet, it can release phosphine and poison the people in or around the warehouse. Phosphine poisoning can cause death in severe cases.